Event display of a W-boson candidate decaying into a muon and a muon neutrino inside the ATLAS experiment. The blue line shows the reconstructed track of the muon, and the red arrow denotes the energy of the undetected muon neutrino (Image: CERN)
Improved ATLAS result weighs in on the W boson
The W boson, a fundamental particle that carries the charged weak force, is the subject of a new precision measurement of its mass by the ATLAS experiment at CERN. The preliminary result, reported in a new conference note presented today at the Rencontres de Moriond conference, is based on a reanalysis of a sample of 14 million W boson candidates produced in proton–proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), CERN’s flagship particle accelerator.
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First WIMP Search Results from the XENONnT Experiment
The XENON collaboration presented today results from XENONnT, the latest-generation experiment of the XENON Dark Matter project dedicated to the direct search for Dark Matter in the form of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs). With an initial exposure slightly larger than 1 tonne x year, a blind analysis shows that the data is consistent with the expectations from the background-only hypothesis.
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Scientists used the STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) to track how upsilon particles dissociate in quark-gluon plasma. These upsilons are made of a bottom quark and antibottom quark held together by gluons with different binding energies: a tightly bound ground state (left), an intermediate variety (right), and the largest, most loosely bound state (center).
STAR Physicists Track Sequential 'Melting' of Upsilons
Scientists using the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) to study some of the hottest matter ever created in a laboratory have published their first data showing how three distinct variations of particles called upsilons sequentially “melt,” or dissociate, in the hot goo. The results, just published in Physical Review Letters, come from RHIC’s STAR detector, one of two large particle tracking experiments at this U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science user facility for nuclear physics research.
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Scientists used the STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) to systematically search through data from collisions at different energies, looking for signs that the production of quark-gluon plasma turns off. That sign shows up as a sign change in data on net proton production at the lowest collision energy.
Clear Sign that QGP Production 'Turns Off' at Low Energy
Physicists report new evidence that production of an exotic state of matter in collisions of gold nuclei at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC)—an atom-smasher at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory—can be “turned off” by lowering the collision energy. The “off” signal shows up as a sign change—from negative to positive—in data that describe “higher order” characteristics of the distribution of protons produced in these collisions.
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Researchers work on the Majorana Demonstrator’s inner detectors in a glovebox in a cleanroom on SURF’s 4850 Level. Photo by Matthew Kapust
MAJORANA Collaboration to discuss final results, announce new measurements of tantalum-180m experiment
The Majorana Collaboration and the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) invite members of the media to a discussion of the experiment’s final results as published on Feb. 10, 2023, in Physical Review Letters. The collaboration will also announce new measurements from a search for the decay of nature’s rarest isotope: tantalum-180m.
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The 2023 Galileo Galilei Medal Goes to Zvi Bern, Lance Dixon and David Kosower
The physicists Zvi Bern, Lance Dixon and David Kosower are the winners of the Galileo Galilei Medal 2023, a prize awarded every two years, by the National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN) with the Galileo Galilei Institute (GGI), its National Center for Advanced Studies in partnership with the University of Florence, to scientists who have made outstanding and seminal contributions to the advancement of research in theoretical physics.
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An international team of physicists, engineers, and technicians has been working to assemble sPHENIX. From left to right: a segment of the detector's electromagnetic calorimeter, the experiment's superconducting magnet as crews carefully moved it into place, and a tracking component called the Time Projection Chamber being prepared for installation.
Celebrating the Upcoming sPHENIX Detector
Asmeret Asefaw Berhe, Director of the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Office of Science, visited DOE’s Brookhaven National Laboratory on Jan. 27 to celebrate the fast-approaching debut of a state-of-the-art particle detector known as sPHENIX. The house-sized, 1000-ton detector is slated to begin collecting data at Brookhaven Lab’s Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), a DOE Office of Science User Facility for nuclear physics research, this spring.
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New data show that local fluctuations in the nuclear strong force may influence the spin orientation of particles called phi mesons (made of two quarks held together by the exchange of gluons).
Data Reveal a Surprising Preference in Particle Spin Alignment
Given the choice of three different “spin” orientations, certain particles emerging from collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), an atom smasher at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory, appear to have a preference. As described in a paper just published in Nature by RHIC’s STAR collaboration, the results reveal a preference in global spin alignment of particles called phi mesons. Conventional mechanisms—such as the magnetic field strength or the swirliness of the matter generated in the particle collisions—cannot explain the data. But a new model that includes local fluctuations in the nuclear strong force can.
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Daniel Brandenburg and Zhangbu Xu at the STAR detector of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC).
New Type of Entanglement Lets Scientists 'See' Inside Nuclei
UPTON, NY—Nuclear physicists have found a new way to use the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC)—a particle collider at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory—to see the shape and details inside atomic nuclei. The method relies on particles of light that surround gold ions as they speed around the collider and a new type of quantum entanglement that’s never been seen before.
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A comprehensive analysis of data from the STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), above, reveals that conditions created just as heavy ions collide in the center of the detector have the biggest influence on the asymmetric flow of particles from these collisions. The results will help scientists zero in on key properties of a unique form of matter that mimics the early universe.
What Triggers Flow Fluctuations in Heavy-Ion Collision Debris?
Scientists in the STAR collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC)—an atom smasher at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory—have published a comprehensive analysis aimed at determining which factors most influence fluctuations in the flow of particles from heavy ion collisions. The results, published in Physical Review Letters, will help the scientists zero in on key properties of a unique form of matter that mimics the early universe.
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